Fallacies, different types of fallacies.

Red herring fallacy-This fallacy consists in diverting attention from the real issue by focusing instead on an issue having only a surface relevance to the first. A straw man fallacy occurs when someone takes another person's argument or point, distorts it or exaggerates it in some kind of extreme way, and then attacks the extreme distortion, as if that is really the claim the first person is making. A slippery slope argument, in logic, critical thinking, political rhetoric, and caselaw, is an argument in which a party asserts that a relatively small first step leads to a chain of related events culminating in some significant effect. An appeal to fear is a fallacy in which a person attempts to create support for an idea by attempting to increase fear towards an alternative. The appeal to fear is common in marketing and politics. An argument from authority, also called an appeal to authority is a form of argument in which the opinion of an authority on a topic is used as evidence to support an argument. You also got Bandwagon Fallacies which is a fallacy that is believed to be true by popular belief but not necessarily true. You have middle ground fallacies which is a fallacy in which two opposite opinions and beliefs try to find compromise, in that they try to find middle ground, neither opinion or belief is necessarily true and neither opinion or belief is necessarily false. The hasty generalization fallacy is sometimes called the over-generalization fallacy. It is basically making a claim based on evidence that it just too small. Essentially, you can't make a claim and say that something is true if you have only an example or two as evidence. Ad hominem (Latin for 'to the person'), short for argumentum ad hominem, refers to several types of arguments, some but not all of which are fallacious. Typically this term refers to a rhetorical strategy where the speaker attacks the character, motive, or some other attribute of the person making an argument rather than attacking the substance of the argument itself. This avoids genuine debate by creating a diversion to some irrelevant but often highly charged issue. The most common form of this fallacy is "A makes a claim x, B asserts that A holds a property that is unwelcome, and hence B concludes that argument x is wrong". This fallacy occurs when a causal connection is assumed without proof. All too often claims to a causal connection are based on a mere correlation. The occurrence of one event after the other or the occurrence of events simultaneously is not proof of a causal connection. Improper Premise Fallacies. Any form of argument in which the conclusion occurs as one of the premises. Begging the question. Providing what is essentially the conclusion of the argument as a premise. … To "beg the question" is to put forward an argument whose validity requires that its own conclusion is true. There are many different types of fallacies out there. From your false dilemma fallacy which is a mistaken belief with an unsound argument to your Model Scope Fallacies which is when a degree of unwarranted necessity is placed in the conclusion.

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